Approximately 10 percent of babies are born prior to the 37th week and are named premature. Since these babies have yet to complete their development in their mothers’ wombs, they are usually born with some health issues.
Approximately 10 percent of babies are born before the 37th week of pregnancy, making them premature babies. These babies often face various health challenges because they have not fully developed in the womb. With medical advancements, the survival rates of premature newborns have improved significantly, even for those born as early as 23 to 24 weeks. However, the earlier a baby is born, the higher the risk of complications. This guide provides an overview of the common health issues faced by premature newborns and what to expect during their transition from hospital to home.
Common Health Issues in Premature newborns
Premature babies are born with underdeveloped organs, which can lead to various health concerns requiring specialised care. Below are some of the most common issues:
1. Hypothermia: Due to the lack of subcutaneous fat, premature newborns are prone to hypothermia. They lose body heat faster than full-term newborns, making temperature regulation essential.
2. Breathing Difficulties: Underdeveloped lungs and an immature respiratory centre in the brain can cause breathing problems and oxygen deficiency. Some babies may require respiratory support until their lungs mature.
3. Jaundice: The liver in premature newborns may not perform its detoxification function effectively, leading to jaundice. Phototherapy is commonly used to treat this condition.
4. Feeding Challenges: Premature babies often have weak reflexes, making breastfeeding or bottle-feeding difficult. In some cases, tube feeding may be necessary until the baby can suck and swallow properly.
5. Weakened Immunity: With an underdeveloped immune system, premature newborns are more vulnerable to infections. Careful hygiene practices are crucial to protect them from illnesses.
6. Hearing and Vision Issues: Oxygen deprivation during birth can lead to hearing loss, while underdeveloped blood vessels in the retina may cause vision problems, including blindness. Regular screening helps in early detection and treatment.
7. Cerebral Palsy: Premature babies, especially those deprived of oxygen during birth, may develop cerebral palsy. This condition affects motor functions and may require long-term therapy.
8. Anemia: The bone marrow may not produce enough red blood cells, leading to anemia. This condition can be managed with iron supplements or, in some cases, blood transfusions.
Going Back Home: When Is a Premature Baby Ready?
Discharging a premature baby from the hospital depends on meeting several milestones. Babies are usually ready to go home when they:
Can feed fully with breast milk or baby formula
Weigh at least 2 kg and have reached 34 weeks of corrected age
Consistently gain weight and can regulate their body temperature
Before heading home, parents should be well-prepared to care for their premature baby. This includes learning how to feed, bathe, and monitor their baby’s health. Having a safe and comfortable sleeping environment is also essential.
Tips for Caring for Your Premature newborn at Home
Maintain hygiene: Wash your hands before handling your baby and limit visitors to reduce exposure to infections.
Follow feeding guidelines: Feed your baby as recommended by your healthcare provider to support healthy growth.
Monitor temperature: Dress your baby in layers and use appropriate blankets to keep them warm without overheating.
Attend follow-up appointments: Regular check-ups are vital to monitor developmental milestones and address any concerns promptly.
Be patient: Every baby develops at their own pace. Celebrate small milestones and reach out to support groups or healthcare professionals when needed.
How Diapers Play a Role in Premature Baby Care
Choosing the right diaper is crucial for your baby’s comfort and skin health. A high-quality diaper helps prevent rashes and keeps your baby dry for longer periods. Explore the Molfix Extra Dry tape diaper, designed to provide superior absorbency and comfort, making diaper changes less stressful for both you and your baby. Learn more at https://www.molfix.com.my/products/extra-dry-tape/extra-dry-tape-diaper
Caring for a premature newborn may feel overwhelming at first, but with the right knowledge and support, you can confidently navigate this journey. Always consult your healthcare provider for personalised advice and remember that you are not alone in this experience.
